The lubrication method of industrial gears directly affects their operational efficiency, wear level, and service life. Depending on the gear type, working environment, and load conditions, common lubrication methods mainly include the following:  

1. Splash lubrication (oil bath lubrication)

a) Principle: The gear part is immersed in the lubricating oil, and when it rotates, it drives the oil to splash to the meshing surface and other parts.  

b) Applicable scenarios:  

- Small and medium-sized closed gearboxes (e.g. reducers, gearboxes).  

- Moderate rotational speed (usually linear speed < 12m/s).  

c) Advantages: Simple structure, easy maintenance, low cost.  

d) Disadvantages: Foam is easy to form at high speeds, and the oil temperature may rise.  

2. Forced circulation lubrication (pressure injection lubrication)  

a) Principle: After pressurizing the lubricating oil through the oil pump, it is directly sprayed into the gear meshing area through the nozzle.  

b) Applicable scenarios:  

- High-speed, heavy-duty gears (e.g., wind power gearboxes, rolling mill gears).  

- Large or high-temperature operating equipment.  

c) Advantages:  

- Good cooling effect, suitable for high-speed and high-load working conditions.  

- Precise control of oil volume reduces friction and wear.  

d) Disadvantages: The system is complex, requiring oil pumps, filters, and cooling devices.  

3. Oil mist lubrication  

a) Principle: Use compressed air to atomize the lubricating oil and form tiny oil droplets sprayed on the surface of the gear.  

b) Applicable scenarios:  

- High-speed gears (linear speed > 15m/s).  

- High temperatures or situations where splash lubrication is difficult.  

c) Advantages:  

- Controlled oil volume, reducing frictional heat and energy consumption.  

- Suitable for open gears (such as some large mining equipment).  

d) Disadvantages: Requires a compressed air system, high maintenance costs.  

4. Grease lubrication (grease lubrication)  

a) Principle: Semi-solid grease is used, which is filled by manual or automatic lubricators.  

b) Applicable scenarios:  

- Gears that operate at low speeds, heavy loads, or intermittently (e.g., cranes, excavator gears).  

- Poor sealing or frequent oil changes.  

c) Advantages:  

- Good sealing to prevent contaminants from entering.  

- Long maintenance intervals for harsh environments (e.g. dust, moisture).  

d) Disadvantages: poor heat dissipation, easy to lose or carbonize at high speeds.  

5. Lubrication with dripping oil  

a) Principle: Slowly drip lubricating oil into the gear surface through an oil cup or dripper.  

b) Applicable scenarios:  Open gears for low speeds and light loads (e.g. some drive chains, small machinery).  

c) Advantages: Simple and economical, suitable for small lubrication needs.  

d) Disadvantages: Unstable oil control, easy waste or insufficient lubrication.  

6. Solid lubrication (special conditions)

a) Principle: Use graphite, molybdenum disulfide and other solid lubricants to coat or embed on the surface of the gear.  

b) Applicable scenarios:  

- Extreme environments (high temperature, vacuum, strong corrosion).  

- Situations where liquid lubricants cannot be used (such as some aerospace gears).  

c) Advantages: High temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, no risk of leakage.  

d) Disadvantages: high friction coefficient and limited bearing capacity.  

The lubrication method of industrial gears needs to be selected according to the rotation speed, load, working environment and maintenance cost. Proper lubrication not only reduces wear and noise, but also significantly extends gear life. Regularly checking the oil condition (such as viscosity, contamination) and replacing it on time is key to ensuring effective lubrication.